数据采集与监控系统(SCADA)中英对照

数据采集与监控系统(SCADA)
    数据采集与监控系统的首要功能是从RTUs采集原始数据，将模拟数据转换成为工程
量，并且将数据存人数据库。采集的数据包括断路器的状态、变压器分接头位置、线路上的有功功率和无功功率、频率、线路电流、注入母线的有功功率和无功功率、电能量(电度)测量以及其他各种数据，如气象数据和各变电站设备的运行状况及报警数据等。RTU对于状态量和某些模拟量的扫描周期为2～3s，其余数据的扫描会慢一个或几个周期，这是为了降低控制中心的数据采集子系统的负荷；经查有异常时，如状态改变或模拟量变化越死区时，RTU立刻自动发送变化数据，对于一个新建的控制中心来说，工程的主要建设费用为RTUs的费用。
   

调度员可以用鼠标或键盘通过在彩色的接线图和其他面向变电站的显示画面上选择待
控设备的方式对远方设备进行监控。被控制的对象不外乎主系统的断路器和变压器分接头，也可包括降压变压器和用于卸负荷及恢复负荷的断路器。
   

无论在正常、告警还是紧急情况下，SCADA设备均有利于操作员获得电力系统情况。在电力系统互联薄弱的发展中国家，SCADA系统可显著提高操作人员的能力，以便将电力
系统维护在更安全的状况，并阻止紧急情况的扩展。发电量的减少导致用电量减少，而远方控制设备可显著缩短故障恢复时间，还可减少开关操作时的错误，从而有利于减少变电站人员数量。



译文：

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(SCADA)
    The principal function of data acquisition iS the collection of raw data from the remoteterminal units(RTUs)，conversion of analog data to engineering units and storage of data in the database．The data collected may include circuit breaker status，transformer tap positions，MW and MVAR flows，frequency，branch currents，bus MW and MVAR injections，energy metering and miscellaneous data such as weather data and various substation equipment status and alarms．The RTUS may be scanned every tWO tO three seconds for status data and for certain analog data with the remaining data scanned at one of more slower scan cycles tO reduce load on the data acquisition subsystem in the control center，alternatively data may be}ransmitted spontaneously by each RTU following the recognition of an
event such as a status change of the crossing of an event—delta by an analog value．The cost of RTUs will represent a major portion of the capital cost of a new control center．
   

Supervisory control of remote device is performed through the dispatcher consoles using cursor and keyboard control for selection of device tO be controlled via colour—coded starion line diagrams and other station oriented displays．The devices controlled invariably include main system circuit breakers and transformer taps but may also include voltage reduction transformers and circuit breakers for load shedding／load restoratio